I've tried to duplicate the chest bone to make the shoulder, just like what is done at timecode 6:12. But there is no parent dotted line chain attaching the shoulder to the chest. Is there something I'm missing?
I usually have that unchecked as those lines clutter up my view.
When you are learning though, it is a good idea to leave them on - because you can see when the parenting looks weird.
"Why is that line going that way!?.....oh I've parented the elbow to the toe.........like a normal person"