I thought of 2 ways to handle the switch. In both cases you would need 4 animations created.
1. Season 1 to Season2.
2. Season 2 to Season 3.
3. Season 3 to Season 4.
4. Season 4 to Season 1.
Method 1: animate the hide/show of objects for each season pairing. This can be done by putting mouse cursor over the Eye icon(Hide/Show in viewport) and pressing I to insert a keyframe. Do the same for camera icon(Show/Hide in render). animate the season change then do the next pair.
Method 2:Create 5 scenes with the scene controller on the topbar(To the right of the workspace tabs). Do the 4 animations in the first 4 scenes. Then in the 5th scene you use the VSE(Video Sequence editor) add each scene(Shift+a->Scene with mouse cursor over the VSE) move them so that they are aligned one after the other quick way would be
1. Start at frame 1
2. Then press Shift+a->Scene->The scene you want
3. Then press Page Up key(This moves you to the end of the scenestrip)
4. Then repeat steps 2 and 3 for the other 3 scenes.
Side Note you could add a 6th scene and use this for the objects that are the same in all of the scenes. Then to add this go to the scene properties tab of the 4 season scenes and set background to the 6th scene.
Hi Mohammed,
You can, for instance make 4 Collections and put Spring and Autumn in the same place but one behind the other (in the Scene) and Summer and Winter opposite those (parent them pair-wise, so you'll only have to Animate once}. Then animate the Location so the 'invisible ones' swap places. Or Animate the Visibility in the Render of the Objects. Or use 4 Cameras each showing one pair of seasons. Or....
Nice one 
spikeyxxx forgot about camera switching option. Man I love the versatility of blender.
Maybe you don't have to animate the seasons on a spinning circle kinda way. You can change the animation and make the seasons morph into one another or have the animation go up and the next one come from below, that way you have an infinite amount of space. Or you can do any other that comes to your mind. Teachers love it when you take the knowledge and adapt it to something out of your own creation instead of doing a direct copy of the course.
Thank you everyone for your valuable advice! I will go over the lesson and start thinking how i can use the learning outcomes to make this project happen, while trying a number of different approaches based on your input. Much appreciated!